A Qualitative Study of Nutrition Behaviors and Community Resources for Autistic Adolescents and Young Adults

We evaluated influences on nutrition behaviors and barriers and facilitators to accessing nutrition resources for autistic adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15-25 years.

Zoom semistructured interviews (30-60 minutes) using a modified community-based participatory research approach.

Urban, suburban, and rural areas in New Mexico.

Seven autistic AYAs aged 18-25 years (43% male), 7 caregivers, and 7 service providers.

Influences on nutrition behaviors and access to nutrition resources, guided by the social ecological model.

Thematic analysis, validated through iterative coding and review by researchers and a community advisory board.

Themes common across groups included lack of tailored nutrition programs addressing social and sensory needs, difficulties navigating traditional food environments, and financial constraints limiting access to nutrient-dense foods. Participants emphasized the value of flexible, adaptive formats-especially online and group-based-and the importance of routine, sensory considerations, and familiar foods. Caregivers and providers highlighted external influences of the school food environment and peers, and a lack of awareness of available resources.

Findings highlight the need for structured, sensory-inclusive nutrition programs that integrate community-based and digital resources, emphasize self-efficacy, and address environmental and social influences to promote long-term healthy eating habits for autistic AYAs.