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Gut Microbiota Modulation by Pomegranate Extract: Insights from a Controlled Supplementation Study.

Sarah Lebrun¹, Sébastien Crevecoeur², Bernard Taminiau²

¹Laboratory of Food Technology, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, B43b, Liège, 4000, Belgium.

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

|December 22, 2025

Summary

Pomegranate extract supplementation altered gut microbiota composition and metabolite production. The study found increased bacterial diversity and changes in specific bacterial taxa, suggesting potential benefits for intestinal health.

Keywords:

16S rRNA Bacterial metabolites Ellagitannin Pomegranate extract SHIME®Urolithin

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Nutrition Science
Gastroenterology

Background:

Pomegranate consumption is linked to health benefits due to its polyphenol content.
Polyphenols interact with gut microbiota in the colon, affecting its composition and activity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of pomegranate extract (Oxylent®) supplementation on gut microbiota and metabolite production.
To assess dose-dependent effects of 1.3 g/day and 2.6 g/day of pomegranate extract.

Main Methods:

Utilized the SHIME® system to simulate colonic conditions.
Assessed bacterial metabolites (SCFA, lactate, urolithins) using chromatographic and enzymatic assays.
Analyzed microbial composition via 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Main Results:

Pomegranate extract reduced L- and D-lactate levels, with higher dose decreasing D-lactate further.
Supplementation increased overall bacterial diversity.
Observed decreased Prevotella and Enterocloster abundance, and dose-dependent shifts in Mitsuokella.

Conclusions:

Pomegranate extract influences gut microbiota composition and metabolite profiles.
The findings suggest pomegranate compounds can beneficially modulate the gut microbiota.
These effects support pomegranate's role in promoting intestinal health.