Precision and efficacy in congenital cataract surgery: a retrospective study of the 27-gauge vitrectomy system

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pediatric Surgery
• Microsurgery

Background:

• Congenital cataracts are a leading cause of treatable blindness in infants.
• Early surgical intervention is crucial for visual development.
• Minimally invasive techniques are sought to improve safety and outcomes in pediatric cataract surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the precision, safety, and efficacy of congenital cataract surgery using the 27-gauge vitrectomy system in infants.
• To assess the impact of this technique on intraocular pressure and visual function.
• To document intraoperative and postoperative complications associated with the 27-gauge system.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 44 eyes from 22 infants (3-5 months old) with bilateral congenital cataracts.
• Assessment of intraocular pressure, corneal diameters, axial length, and complications.
• Evaluation of visual function through behavioral responses; minimum 6-month follow-up.

Main Results:

• Significant reduction in intraocular pressure (15.8 to 12.2 mmHg, p<0.001).
• Average surgical duration of 30 minutes.
• Minimal, transient complications: conjunctival hyperemia (30%), anterior chamber reaction (12%); no major complications like retinal detachment or glaucoma.

Conclusions:

• The 27-gauge vitrectomy system enables precise congenital cataract surgery in infants.
• This technique is associated with low complication rates and effective postoperative results.
• Further prospective studies are recommended to confirm long-term safety and efficacy.