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Associations of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index with Kidney Function Decline, Cardiovascular Disease Events, and

Bei-Bei Mao1,2,3, Yu-Xi Xiang1,2,3, Pei-Qiong Luo1,2,3

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.

Current Medical Science
|December 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is linked to higher risks of kidney decline, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and death, particularly in individuals with diabetes. These associations vary based on glucose tolerance status.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker of insulin resistance.
  • Insulin resistance is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and kidney disease.
  • Understanding the TyG index's role across different glucose tolerance statuses is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and kidney function decline.
  • To examine the relationship between the TyG index and cardiovascular disease (CVD) events.
  • To assess the link between the TyG index and all-cause mortality across varying glucose tolerance statuses.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 8,434 participants from the China Cardiometabolic Disease and Cancer Cohort (4C) Study.
  • Primary outcomes included kidney function decline, CVD events, and all-cause mortality.
  • Binary logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between the TyG index and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • An elevated TyG index was associated with increased risks of kidney function decline, nonfatal CVD events, and all-cause mortality in the overall population and among those with diabetes.
  • These associations were not significant in individuals with normal glucose tolerance or prediabetes.
  • An elevated TyG index was linked to a higher risk of fatal CVD events across all glucose tolerance subgroups, with the strongest association in prediabetes.

Conclusions:

  • The TyG index is significantly associated with kidney function decline, CVD events, and all-cause mortality.
  • The strength of these associations varies depending on an individual's glucose tolerance status.
  • The TyG index may serve as a valuable biomarker for predicting adverse outcomes in diverse metabolic health populations.
Abstract

Keywords:
All-cause mortalityCardiovascular diseaseCohort studyDiabetesGlucose toleranceInsulin resistanceKidney function declinePrediabetesTriglyceride-glucose index

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