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Boosting mechanical-to-ionic transduction for self-powered piezoionic sensing.

Juan A Guerrero¹, Cédric Plesse², Vladislav Y Shevtsov^3,4

¹Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials (LPCM), Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons (UMONS), Place du Parc 20, Mons, 7000, Belgium. jeremy.odent@umons.ac.be.

Materials Horizons

|December 22, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Piezoionic systems convert mechanical force into ionic signals for tactile sensing. This review explores optimizing this effect for efficient, self-powered sensors using advanced material design and ion transport engineering.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Piezoionic systems offer biomimetic tactile sensing via mechanical-to-ionic transduction.
Current understanding of piezoionic transduction mechanisms and efficiency optimization is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the fundamentals of mechanical-to-ionic transduction for self-powered sensing.
To identify key parameters influencing piezoionic signal generation.
To examine strategies for enhancing transduction efficiency in piezoionic devices.

Main Methods:

Analysis of ion migration and redistribution under mechanical stimulation.
Review of structural and operating parameters affecting transient signal output.
Examination of material design strategies for maximizing voltage generation.

Main Results:

Identified crucial structural and operating parameters for piezoionic signal generation.
Highlighted engineering ion transport and fluid flow (porosity, microphase separation, conductive pathways, gradients) as key strategies.
Demonstrated performance-driven structural design for enhanced piezoionic voltage.

Conclusions:

Piezoionic systems hold significant promise for self-powered sensing applications.
Optimized material design and ion transport are critical for efficient piezoionic transduction.
Potential applications include soft wearables, ionic skins, biointerfaces, and energy harvesting.