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Toward Inclusive Design Heuristics for Digital Health Interventions for the Aging Population: Scoping Review.

Kerstin Denecke1, Lana Cvijic1, Carolyn Petersen2

  • 1Department Engineering and Computer Science, Bern University of Applied Sciences, Biel, Switzerland.

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|December 22, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Inclusive design of digital health interventions (DHIs) for older adults requires centering their needs and involving them in co-design. This approach addresses isolation and access barriers, promoting meaningful engagement with health services.

Keywords:
co-creationdigital health interventiondigital health solutiondisabilitieshealth challengeshearing impairmenthuman-centered designimpairmentsinclusive designinclusive design guidelineinclusive design heuristicsinclusive design recommendationslinguistic diversitymobile phoneolder adultspopulation agingscoping reviewsocial challengessocio-cultural diversityvisual impairment

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Area of Science:

  • Digital Health
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Digital health interventions (DHIs) must be tailored for older adults, utilizing inclusive design principles that consider diverse user needs.
  • Inclusive design accommodates factors like health, socioeconomic status, age, culture, and language diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compile best practices for the inclusive design of DHIs aimed at older adults.
  • To synthesize these practices into actionable design guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of peer-reviewed papers on DHI design for adults aged 60+ using inclusivity.
  • Adherence to PRISMA-ScR and PRISMA-S guidelines for comprehensive data extraction.
  • Extraction of information on DHIs, design processes, facilitators, and barriers.

Main Results:

  • 40 papers were included, detailing DHIs across various platforms (mobile apps, web, voice, telehealth).
  • Co-design involvement was limited but included older adults, clinicians, designers, and stakeholders.
  • 11 inclusive design heuristics were identified, covering visual design, navigation, accessibility, personalization, social engagement, learnability, multiplatform compatibility, motivation, feedback, privacy, language, and cost.
  • Barriers included age-related health issues and technical challenges like connectivity.

Conclusions:

  • Inclusive DHI design for older adults transcends basic usability, emphasizing co-design to combat isolation and improve care access.
  • Centering older adults in development ensures their needs are met, fostering meaningful digital health engagement despite barriers.
  • The identified heuristics offer a foundation for developers, with future work needed to validate and operationalize these guidelines.