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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Rethinking emotional reactivity in bipolar disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Lilla Nora Kovacs1, Matthew V Elliott2, Cynthia M Villanueva3

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Summary

Emotional reactivity in bipolar disorder (BD) shows no overall difference compared to controls. However, specific stimuli and measurement methods significantly influence observed emotional responses in individuals with BD.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences
  • Emotion Research
  • Mental Health Studies

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is often linked to altered emotional reactivity, but findings are inconsistent.
  • Previous research has not systematically synthesized evidence on emotional reactivity in BD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis on emotional reactivity in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) or at high risk for BD.
  • To compare emotional reactivity between BD/high-risk groups and control groups across various measures.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of 35 laboratory studies.
  • Inclusion of 112 effect sizes from 1,239 BD/high-risk participants and 1,365 controls.
  • Analysis of self-reported, behavioral, and psychophysiological emotional reactivity measures.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall difference in emotional reactivity between BD and non-BD groups (Hedges's g = -0.003).
  • Significant heterogeneity observed; no moderation by study characteristics found.
  • BD participants showed less reactivity to standardized images and reported greater negative emotion reduction to positive stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • Emotional reactivity in BD is highly context-dependent and method-sensitive.
  • Standardized stimuli and specific baseline measures influence findings.
  • Future research should carefully consider assessment methods and emotional contexts in BD.