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Related Concept Videos

Pressure of Fluids01:14

Pressure of Fluids

There are many examples of pressure in fluids in everyday life, such as in relation to blood (high or low blood pressure) and in relation to weather (high- and low-pressure weather systems). A given force can have a significantly different effect, depending on the area over which the force is exerted. For instance, a force applied to an area of 1 mm2 has a pressure that is 100 times greater than the same force applied to an area of 1 cm2. That's why a sharp needle is able to poke through skin...
Accelerating Fluids01:17

Accelerating Fluids

When a fluid is in constant acceleration, the pressure and buoyant force equations are modified. Suppose a beaker is placed in an elevator accelerating upward with a constant acceleration, a. In the beaker, assume there is a thin cylinder of height h with an infinitesimal cross-sectional area, ΔS.
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Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream01:27

Steady Flow of a Fluid Stream

Consider a control volume, such as a pipe with solid boundaries, through which fluid flows and changes direction due to the impulse exerted by the resulting force from the pipe walls. In steady flow, the mass of fluid entering the control volume at a given time, t, with velocity v1, is equal to the mass leaving after infinitesimal time dt, with velocity v2.
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Steady, Laminar Flow Between Parallel Plates01:17

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Understanding steady, laminar flow between parallel plates is essential for analyzing and designing flow in narrow rectangular channels, commonly found in various water conveyance and drainage systems. The Navier-Stokes equations govern fluid motion and are generally challenging to solve due to their nonlinearity. However, simplifications are possible in certain cases, like the steady laminar flow between parallel plates. For this scenario, we assume steady, incompressible, laminar flow.
Steady, Laminar Flow in Circular Tubes01:23

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Hagen-Poiseuille flow describes a viscous fluid's steady, incompressible flow through a cylindrical tube with a constant radius R. This flow profile is often applied to understand fluid transport in narrow channels, such as capillaries. It serves as a foundational example of laminar flow. In this model, cylindrical coordinates (r,θ,z) are used to describe the radial (r), angular (θ), and axial (z) dimensions within the tube. For Hagen-Poiseuille flow, the velocity profile is purely axial,...
Typical Model Studies01:30

Typical Model Studies

Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.

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Hydrodynamic Manipulation of 2D and 3D Microstructure Assembly Using Robotic Acoustic Streaming Tweezers.

Xianjie Shi1, Sihong Shen1, Hongtao Shi1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, School of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

A new Robotic Acoustic Streaming Tweezers (RAST) system enables precise, contactless manipulation of microgels. This technology offers a scalable solution for microscale construction in fields like biomedical devices and microfabrication.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics and Nanotechnology
  • Robotics and Automation
  • Acoustic Manipulation

Background:

  • Contactless manipulation of microstructures is crucial for microassembly and lab-on-chip systems.
  • Existing methods face challenges in precision and scalability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel Robotic Acoustic Streaming Tweezers (RAST) system for programmable 2D and 3D microgel manipulation.
  • To demonstrate the system's versatility and precision in handling microstructures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an MEMS-based gigahertz resonator to generate localized acoustic streaming.
  • Employed tunable power and height settings for controlled microgel manipulation.
  • Integrated computer vision and path-planning algorithms for automated assembly.

Main Results:

  • Achieved precise 2D translation and planar assembly at low power.
  • Demonstrated controlled flipping and rotation for orientation-specific alignment at intermediate power.
  • Enabled 3D vortex trapping and spatial nesting of microgels at high power.
  • Facilitated high-throughput assembly of multiple microgels autonomously.

Conclusions:

  • The RAST system provides a mild, label-free, and powerful strategy for complex microscale construction.
  • Offers a robust and scalable solution for microrobots, biomedical devices, and microfabrication.
  • Advances the field of microscale manipulation with its versatile capabilities.