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Disrupted rest-task shift of multi-band electroencephalography complexity in patients with schizophrenia
Shunsuke Tamura1,2, Tsuyoshi Iwasaki3, Osamu Ichikawa3
1Department of Psychiatry, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.
Schizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany)
|December 22, 2025
Summary
Normal controls show distinct brain complexity shifts between rest and auditory tasks, unlike schizophrenia patients. This suggests disrupted neural processing in schizophrenia impacts how the brain responds to external stimuli.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cognitive Science
- Psychiatry
Background:
- Brain activity exhibits unique complexities during rest and task states.
- Schizophrenia (SZ) disrupts the balance between internal and external information processing.
- Altered neural complexity modulation is hypothesized in SZ.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate frequency-dependent electroencephalography (EEG) complexity shifts between rest and auditory tasks.
- To compare these shifts in normal controls (NCs) and patients with schizophrenia (SZ).
- To identify abnormal complexity patterns in SZ during rest-task transitions.
Main Methods:
- Examined EEG complexity using multiscale entropy (MSE) in different frequency bands.
- Compared MSE ratios during resting state and 40 Hz auditory steady-state response (ASSR) task.
- Analyzed data from 77 NCs and 103 SZ patients.
Main Results:
- NCs exhibited increased alpha-band entropy and decreased gamma-band entropy from rest to ASSR.
- Patients with SZ showed no significant complexity shifts between rest and ASSR.
- SZ patients demonstrated abnormal neural complexity patterns compared to NCs.
Conclusions:
- NCs show adaptive complexity changes, with alpha band increasing and gamma band decreasing during auditory processing.
- Patients with SZ lack these adaptive complexity shifts, indicating disrupted neural synchrony and response to stimuli.
- Impaired spontaneous brain activity in SZ may affect cortical responses and external stimulus entrainment.
