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Whole-body MRI scoring systems MY-RADS and KIM show prognostic value in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). These imaging tools reveal distinct disease patterns in RRMM, aiding in survival prediction.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Whole-body imaging is crucial for multiple myeloma (MM) assessment.
  • MY-RADS and KIM scores are established for newly diagnosed MM (NDMM).
  • Prognostic utility of these scores in relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the application and prognostic significance of MY-RADS and KIM scores in RRMM.
  • To compare imaging findings between RRMM and NDMM patients.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-body MRI data from 46 RRMM patients were analyzed.
  • Findings were compared to 68 NDMM patients from the GMMG-HD7 trial.
  • MY-RADS and KIM scoring systems were applied to both cohorts.

Main Results:

  • RRMM patients exhibited increased paramedullary/extramedullary disease and less diffuse marrow infiltration than NDMM.
  • Despite similar overall disease burden, distinct imaging patterns were observed.
  • Both MY-RADS and KIM scores independently correlated with progression-free and overall survival in RRMM.

Conclusions:

  • RRMM shows distinct biological patterns, with a shift towards bone marrow-independent growth.
  • Whole-body MRI scoring systems (MY-RADS, KIM) are prognostically significant in RRMM.
  • Imaging may better capture disease burden than iliac crest biopsies in RRMM.