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Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) following acute myocardial infarction: effects of empagliflozin and association with

Ahmed M Hassan1, Faisal Aziz2,3, Norbert J Tripolt2,3

  • 1Clinical Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.

Scientific Reports
|December 22, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) did not change significantly with empagliflozin treatment post-acute myocardial infarction (AMI). While CA125 correlated with heart failure biomarkers, it did not mirror empagliflozin

Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125)Heart failure (HF)Randomized controlled trial (RCT)Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) is a recognized biomarker for heart failure (HF).
  • The effect of sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on CA125 levels after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of empagliflozin on CA125 levels in patients following AMI.
  • To assess changes in CA125 over 26 weeks and its association with established heart failure biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of plasma samples from the EMMY trial.
  • Utilized robust linear mixed-effects models (R-LMEMs) to evaluate empagliflozin's effect on CA125.
  • Assessed associations between CA125, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and echocardiographic parameters.

Main Results:

  • Empagliflozin did not significantly alter CA125 levels post-AMI.
  • CA125 levels showed minor fluctuations at 6 weeks and decreased below baseline at 26 weeks.
  • CA125 was significantly associated with NT-proBNP and echocardiographic measures (LVEF, ventricular dimensions/volumes, E/e'), with some associations modified by empagliflozin.

Conclusions:

  • CA125 is associated with established heart failure biomarkers and echocardiographic parameters.
  • Empagliflozin does not significantly impact CA125 levels in the post-AMI setting.
  • CA125 response did not parallel empagliflozin treatment effects after AMI.