Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 8, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
Published on: December 4, 2017
Interaction-free ergodicity-breaking driven by temporally hyperuniform noise
1Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
Abstract:
We show that norm-conserving spin models driven by temporally hyperuniform noise exhibit a sharp ergodicity-breaking transition in the absence of interactions. In the nonergodic phase, the dynamics freeze into configurations determined by the initial condition. Our analysis demonstrates that such interaction-free ergodicity breaking arises generically whenever a global constraint is imposed and the driving noise is class-I hyperuniform, the strongest form in Torquato's classification. The transition can also be interpreted as a condensation of fluctuations into the zero-frequency mode, reminiscent of Bose-Einstein condensation in an ideal gas.
Related Concept Videos
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics
The relation between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
Random Variables
Uppercase letters such as X or Y denote a random variable. Lowercase letters like x or y denote the value of a random variable. If X is a random variable, then X is written in words, and x is given as a number.
For example, let X = the...
Uniform Distribution
Two essential properties of this distribution are
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error
Genetic Drift

