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An Inter-Locking Quasi-Solid Cathode for Zinc-Bromine Batteries with Stable 32000 Cycles.

Xinhua Zheng1,2, Song Wu1, Ruihao Luo2

  • 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel quasi-solid bromine cathode for zinc-bromine batteries, using polyacrylamide (PAM) to suppress self-discharge and improve cycle life. This innovation enhances energy storage for grid-scale applications.

Keywords:
inter‐locking quasi‐solid cathodelarge‐scale energy storage applicationspouch cellstatic zinc‐bromine battery

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Zinc-bromine static batteries offer low cost and high safety for grid storage.
  • Solid-state bromine cathodes face challenges like polybromide shuttle and volume changes, hindering performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an improved quasi-solid bromine cathode for zinc-bromine batteries.
  • To enhance battery reversibility, reduce self-discharge, and extend lifespan for large-scale energy storage.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized polyacrylamide (PAM) to create an interlocking, quasi-solid bromine cathode.
  • Employed theoretical calculations and characterizations to confirm PAM's role in suppressing bromine dissolution.
  • Tested battery performance, including cycle life, areal capacity, and energy density.

Main Results:

  • The PAM-based cathode effectively encapsulated tribromide molecules, suppressing dissolution and self-discharge.
  • Achieved exceptional cycling stability with ≈32000 cycles at 1 mAh cm⁻² and an ultralow decay rate.
  • Demonstrated scalable areal capacity up to 50 mAh cm⁻², with pouch cells showing remarkable stability and capacity retention.

Conclusions:

  • The developed quasi-solid bromine cathode strategy significantly improves zinc-bromine battery performance.
  • This approach offers a viable pathway for practical, grid-scale energy storage solutions.
  • The batteries show potential for multi-scenario energy systems, including hybrid energy harvesting.