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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

765
Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
765
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT01:25

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System VI: Calcium -Scoring CT

362
Calcium-Scoring CT ScanA calcium-scoring CT scan, also known as coronary artery calcium (CAC) scan, detects calcium deposits in the coronary arteries. This test assesses the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), which can lead to cardiovascular events such as angina, heart failure, and sudden cardiac arrest.A calcium-scoring CT scan is generally recommended for individuals at intermediate risk of CAD without symptoms. It includes:Men aged 40-75 and women aged 50-75: Especially those with a...
362
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

336
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
336
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

532
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
532
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

291
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
291
Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

846
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
846

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue
13:45

A Method to Study the Correlation Between Local Collagen Structure and Mechanical Properties of Atherosclerotic Plaque Fibrous Tissue

Published on: November 11, 2022

2.5K

Lipid-Related Polygenic Risk Score and Its Association With Plaque Rupture Versus Erosion.

Tomoyo Hamana1, Brady Gaynor2, Alyssa Grogan1

  • 1Department of Pathology, CVPath Institute, Inc, Gaithersburg, MD (T.H., A.G., A.T.-G., R.K., T. Shiraki, T. Sekimoto, T.T., K.F., T.N., Y.A., D.W., K.M.D., R.V., A.V.F.).

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) for high cholesterol showed a strong link to plaque rupture, a key cause of heart attacks. Genetic risk for high triglycerides was less strongly associated with plaque rupture but linked to thrombotic coronary artery disease (CAD).

Keywords:
acute coronary syndromeatherosclerosiscoronary artery disease

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A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Pathology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Distinct atherosclerotic plaque morphologies contribute to acute coronary syndromes and sudden cardiac death.
  • Understanding the genetic underpinnings of different plaque types is crucial for targeted prevention strategies.
  • Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia are major risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the differential contributions of genetic risk for hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia to specific plaque morphologies, namely plaque rupture and erosion.
  • To investigate the association between lipid polygenic risk scores (PRS) and distinct pathological features of coronary atherosclerosis.

Main Methods:

  • DNA samples from 954 sudden death autopsy cases were genotyped.
  • LDL (low-density lipoprotein)-specific and triglyceride-specific PRS were constructed using genome-wide association study data, excluding variants associated with both traits.
  • Statistical analyses were performed to assess the association between PRS and plaque morphology, adjusting for population structure.

Main Results:

  • Higher LDL-specific PRS was significantly associated with increased plaque rupture, severe lumen narrowing (≥75%), thrombotic CAD, and CAD-related death.
  • Triglyceride-specific PRS showed a significant association with thrombotic CAD and a trend toward association with plaque rupture.
  • No significant association was found between either lipid-specific PRS and plaque erosion.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to link lipid-specific PRS to distinct plaque morphologies, suggesting different pathogenic pathways for plaque rupture and erosion.
  • Genetic risk stratification based on lipid profiles may aid in identifying individuals at higher risk for plaque rupture and guiding lipid-lowering interventions.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of plaque erosion and its distinct genetic risk factors.