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Related Concept Videos

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Hannah Gardener1, Bonnie Levin2, Kurunthachalam Kannan3

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

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Pilot study results suggest higher per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure may increase dementia risk. This research paves the way for future studies on PFAS and cognitive health.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants with widespread human exposure.
  • PFAS are linked to vascular and neurotoxic effects, suggesting a potential increase in dementia risk.
  • Empirical data and prospective cohort studies on PFAS exposure and dementia are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present pilot data from a new prospective cohort study investigating the association between serum PFAS concentrations and dementia.
  • To establish the feasibility of measuring PFAS in stored serum and assess public health relevance.
  • To measure serum concentrations of 13 PFAS at two time points in relation to dementia in the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS).

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study of 50 NOMAS participants (32 with dementia, 18 without) was conducted.
  • A validated method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry analyzed PFAS in serum.
  • Dementia was classified using a standardized adjudication system based on neuropsychological assessments and functional ability.

Main Results:

  • All participants had detectable PFAS, with concentrations consistent with national data.
  • A composite PFAS burden score was created, showing variability among participants.
  • Dementia cases showed a trend towards higher total PFAS burden and specific PFAS concentrations (PFOA, PFOS) compared to reference samples.

Conclusions:

  • The pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of the PFAS VascCog Longitudinal Study.
  • Pilot data support the hypothesis that higher PFAS exposure is associated with an increased risk of dementia.
  • Future research can offer mechanistic insights into PFAS's impact on cognitive health and inform regulatory efforts.