Public Health

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Neurology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern linked to increased dementia risk.
• Understanding the biochemical markers and comorbidities influencing dementia in CKD patients is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between biochemical markers, comorbidities, and dementia risk in patients with chronic kidney disease.
• To identify specific biochemical parameters and clinical factors that predict dementia development in CKD.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of CKD patients from two hospitals, categorized into dementia and non-dementia groups.
• Comparison of demographic, comorbidity, and biochemical data, including hemoglobin, eGFR, albumin, calcium, glucose, BUN, cholesterol, and triglycerides.
• Calculation of risk ratios (RR) for dementia based on clinical thresholds and identification of protective factors.

Main Results:

• Dementia patients were older with higher rates of cardiovascular disease, heart failure, stroke, and diabetes.
• Significant dementia predictors included low hemoglobin (<10 g/dL), low eGFR (<30 mL/min), low albumin (<3.5 g/dL), high glucose (>200 mg/dL), low calcium (<8.5 mg/dL), and high BUN (>100 U/L).
• Elevated LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides were found to be protective factors against dementia in this CKD cohort.

Conclusions:

• CKD, biochemical abnormalities, and dementia risk are intricately linked.
• While certain biochemical derangements increase dementia risk, elevated lipids appear protective, suggesting complex pathophysiological interactions.
• Findings emphasize the need for personalized interventions targeting metabolic and biochemical profiles to mitigate dementia risk in CKD patients.