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Related Concept Videos

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
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Public Health.

Raul Dos Reis Ururahy1, Alberto Fernando Oliveira Justo1, Renata Elaine Paraizo Leite1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microvascular disease, alone or combined with macrovascular disease, is linked to poorer cognitive function. This study highlights the impact of small vessel disease on brain health and cognitive abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • The link between brain infarcts and cognitive impairment is established, but vascular pathology's specific contribution to cognition requires further study.
  • This population-based research investigates clinical and epidemiological features of vascular pathology phenotypes and their cognitive associations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between microvascular and macrovascular disease profiles and cognitive abilities.
  • To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of different vascular pathology phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed sociodemographic data, clinical factors, and cognitive abilities using informant reports.
  • Evaluated hyaline arteriolosclerosis (microvascular disease) and intracranial atherosclerosis (macrovascular disease) in brain tissues.
  • Classified participants into four vascular pathology profiles (Micro[+]/Macro[+]; Micro[+]/Macro[-]; Micro[-]/Macro[+]; Micro[-]/Macro[-]) and used regression models to analyze cognitive associations, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Microvascular disease (38.1%) was more prevalent than macrovascular disease (27.1%).
  • Participants with microvascular disease (Micro[+]) were older, more often women, had lower BMI, and exhibited worse cognitive abilities.
  • Microvascular disease, alone or combined with macrovascular disease (Micro[+]/Macro[+]), was associated with poorer cognitive measures, even after adjusting for infarcts and other variables.

Conclusions:

  • Microvascular disease is significantly associated with diminished cognitive abilities.
  • The presence of microvascular disease, irrespective of macrovascular disease status, negatively impacts cognitive performance.