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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Seong Hye Choi1, So Young Moon2, Jee Hyang Jeong3

  • 1Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, NA, Korea, Republic of (South).

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Multidomain interventions show greater cognitive benefits for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients with higher polygenic risk scores (PRS) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially APOE ε4 carriers. This suggests personalized approaches for AD prevention.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Multidomain interventions improve cognition in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
  • The SUPERBRAIN-MEET study explored interventions via digital platforms.
  • Investigating genetic risk modification of intervention effects is crucial for personalized brain health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if polygenic risk score (PRS) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) modifies the cognitive effects of a multidomain intervention in MCI patients.
  • To assess if APOE ε4 carrier status influences the intervention's effectiveness based on PRS.

Main Methods:

  • Calculated PRS percentile ranks for 284 Korean participants using genome data.
  • Assessed cognitive changes using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) total scale index score.
  • Employed linear regression with interaction terms to analyze the effect of PRS and APOE ε4 status on intervention outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive decline, measured by RBANS score change, was associated with increased PRS.
  • The multidomain intervention's positive effect was significantly more pronounced in individuals with high PRS (tertile 3, p=0.008).
  • Intervention benefits increased with rising PRS, particularly in APOE ε4 carriers (interaction p=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • Multidomain intervention effectiveness for MCI is influenced by an individual's genetic predisposition to AD.
  • Higher genetic risk (high PRS) and APOE ε4 carriage amplify the benefits of multidomain lifestyle interventions.
  • These findings support tailored interventions for AD prevention based on genetic risk profiles.