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Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Thanakit Pongpitakmetha1,2,3,4, Thanapoom Taweephol5, Nattanich Pornteparak6

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) correlates with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) burden, particularly in non-Alzheimer

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Biomarkers
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a major cause of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID).
  • CSVD may accelerate Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression.
  • Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) may indicate astrocytosis in CSVD or AD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between CSVD neuroimaging markers and plasma GFAP levels.
  • To compare this correlation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non-AD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Collected clinical data and plasma biomarkers from memory clinic participants.
  • Classified patients into AD and non-AD groups using established criteria (CSF Aβ42/p-tau181 or amyloid PET).
  • Assessed CSVD using MRI and calculated a composite total CSVD score (0-4) based on STRIVE-2 criteria.

Main Results:

  • A positive correlation was found between total CSVD score and plasma GFAP in the overall and non-AD cohorts.
  • This correlation strengthened significantly after adjusting for plasma p-tau 217 (a biomarker for AD).
  • The correlation was more pronounced in the non-AD group compared to the AD group.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma GFAP shows a positive association with CSVD burden, especially in non-AD individuals.
  • The shared mechanisms between CSVD and AD may limit GFAP's utility as a sole biomarker for CSVD in AD.
  • Further research into other fluid biomarkers for VCID is recommended.