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Public Health.
Diandra N Denier-Fields1, Ruocheng Dong1, Briana L Rocha1
1University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
Summary
The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is linked to specific plasma metabolites that correlate with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration biomarkers. These findings suggest diet influences dementia risk through metabolic pathways.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Nutritional Science
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Plasma biomarkers like ptau217, Aβ42/40, GFAP, and NfL indicate Alzheimer's disease (AD), neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.
- The MIND diet is a lifestyle factor associated with reduced dementia risk.
- Plasma metabolomics offers an objective measure of dietary impact, complementing traditional questionnaires.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between the MIND diet score, plasma metabolites, and key plasma biomarkers of AD and neurodegeneration.
- To identify specific plasma metabolites linked to the MIND diet and their relationship with dementia biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 1,104 cognitively unimpaired participants in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention (WRAP) cohort.
- Identified 72 plasma metabolites associated with the MIND diet score.
- Applied Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to metabolite data and general linear regression to assess associations with plasma biomarkers (ptau217, Aβ42/40, GFAP, NfL), adjusting for age, sex, and APOE.
Main Results:
- Four principal components (PCs) explained 38% of the variance in MIND diet-associated metabolites.
- Significant positive associations were found between metabolite PCs and plasma biomarkers: PC1 with ptau217 and NfL; PC2 with GFAP and NfL; PC3 with all four biomarkers; PC4 with ptau217.
Conclusions:
- Groups of plasma metabolites associated with the MIND diet correlate with biomarkers of AD and neurodegeneration.
- These metabolite groups include essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, plant/gut microbe-derived metabolites, and sphingolipids.
- Dietary interventions may modulate metabolic pathways relevant to dementia biomarkers.
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