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Related Concept Videos

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Jennifer A Deal1, James Russell Pike2, Vidyulata Kamath3

  • 1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hearing loss in older adults is linked to neurodegeneration markers like NfL, but not Alzheimer's-specific amyloid or tau. This suggests hearing and dementia pathways may be separate from core Alzheimer's changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Hearing loss is a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).
  • The underlying mechanisms connecting hearing loss and ADRD remain unclear.
  • This study explored the relationship between hearing loss and plasma biomarkers for ADRD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cross-sectional association between hearing loss and plasma biomarkers of ADRD.
  • To determine if hearing loss correlates with broader neurodegeneration markers or AD-specific markers.
  • To hypothesize potential mechanisms linking hearing and ADRD.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Neurocognitive Study (ARIC-NCS).
  • Measured pure-tone air conduction hearing thresholds and modeled better-ear hearing loss.
  • Analyzed plasma biomarkers including amyloid-β 42/40 ratio, p-tau 181, NfL, and GFAP using the Quanterix SiMoA platform.
  • Employed multivariable-adjusted linear regression, controlling for numerous demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors.

Main Results:

  • Hearing loss was not correlated with AD-specific biomarkers (amyloid-β 42/40 ratio, p-tau 181).
  • Hearing loss showed weak correlations with markers of general neurodegeneration (NfL and GFAP).
  • Each 10 dB increase in hearing loss was associated with a 0.079 increase in log NfL (95% CI: 0.007, 0.150) in adjusted models.

Conclusions:

  • Poorer hearing in older adults is associated with plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration, specifically NfL.
  • This association is independent of AD-specific markers like amyloid and tau.
  • Findings suggest that the pathways linking hearing and ADRD may be distinct from core Alzheimer's-related brain pathology.