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Public Health.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Women in low- and middle-income countries face higher multidimensional poverty (MP), increasing their risk for dementia. Addressing poverty-related factors like healthcare access is crucial for women's brain health.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) are rising in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), with women disproportionately affected.
  • Socioeconomic factors, including multidimensional poverty (MP), and reproductive health contribute to gender disparities in ADRD risk.
  • Subjective memory complaints (SMC) are more prevalent in women and linked to cognitive decline, signaling potential early dementia risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess gender disparities in multidimensional poverty (MP) in Kenya.
  • To examine the association between MP and subjective memory complaints (SMC) in women.
  • To inform sex-specific dementia risk and precision health interventions in LMICs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from brain health and dementia studies at Aga Khan University, Nairobi.
  • Assessed MP across nine deprivation domains using the Multidimensional Poverty Index.
  • Examined gender-stratified associations between poverty indicators and SMC using Fisher's tests and linear regression.

Main Results:

  • Women exhibited significantly higher deprivation across all poverty indicators and reported SMC more frequently than men.
  • Barriers to healthcare access represented the most common deprivation, disproportionately impacting women.
  • No dementia cases were classified as multidimensionally poor, suggesting potential underdiagnosis in lower-income groups.

Conclusions:

  • Gender disparities in education, healthcare, and financial security may elevate dementia risk in women in LMICs.
  • Targeted interventions addressing poverty-related dementia risk factors, especially education and reproductive healthcare access, are urgently needed for women.
  • Future research will explore sex-specific interactions between MP, hormonal changes, and cognitive decline for precision ADRD prevention strategies.