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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:27

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Introduction:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, or MRI, can include a specialized imaging technique of the urinary system known as Magnetic Resonance Urography (MRU). This radiation-free technique uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images with the help of a computer. MRU is particularly effective for visualizing fluid-filled structures like the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.Applications of MRI in the Genitourinary SystemKidneys and Ureters: MRI detects tumors, cysts,...
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Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
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Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI01:14

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Introduction: MRI and CT scans are crucial advancements in medical imaging techniques, playing a vital role in diagnosing conditions related to the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Each scan serves distinct purposes, targets specific areas, and requires unique nursing duties.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451
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Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451

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Alzheimer's Imaging Consortium.

Cecilia Boccalini1, Ines Hristovska2, Débora E Peretti3

  • 1University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland, Switzerland.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) protein deposition and neurodegeneration vary regionally. Imaging transcriptomics reveals distinct gene expression patterns linked to amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration, explaining disease progression and vulnerability.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by spatially and temporally distinct protein deposition and neurodegeneration.
  • Understanding the molecular basis of regional brain vulnerability in AD is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the biological and molecular properties underlying regional variability in neuroimaging phenotypes of amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To correlate regional gene expression with in vivo imaging markers of AD pathology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized imaging transcriptomics by combining PET/MRI data from AD patients and controls with regional gene expression data from the Allen human brain atlas.
  • Employed hypothesis-driven analyses for gene-to-biomarker associations and data-driven over-representation analysis (ORA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to identify molecular pathways.

Main Results:

  • Amyloid load was highest in frontal and temporal lobes; tau in medial temporal and temporoparietal areas; neurodegeneration in temporoparietal regions.
  • Genes related to protein synthesis, immune regulation, and neuroinflammation correlated with amyloid load.
  • Genes involved in synaptic organization, transmission, and function were associated with amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration severity.

Conclusions:

  • Differential gene expression explains the spatial and temporal decoupling of amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration in AD.
  • Shared molecular mechanisms link amyloid accumulation to downstream tau pathology and neuronal loss.
  • Specific AD vulnerabilities are associated with distinct gene expression profiles and molecular properties.