Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

1.9K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.9K
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

14.1K
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
14.1K
Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

1.8K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.8K
Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

439
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
439
Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

1000
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
1000
Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

3.9K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Cerebral oxygenation response to postural change using continuous near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and its association with falls in older adults.

European geriatric medicine·2026
Same author

Population attributable fractions of modifiable dementia risk factors in the Netherlands: a cross-sectional, time series analysis.

EClinicalMedicine·2026
Same author

Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness with structural brain networks in ageing: insights from The Maastricht Study.

GeroScience·2026
Same author

Associations of Anthropometry Measures Across 35 Years With Late-Life Plasma P-tau217 and Dementia: The HUNT Study.

Neurology·2026
Same author

Harmonizing Continuous Hemodynamic Assessment in Acute Stroke: A Practical Approach.

Stroke·2026
Same author

What does it mean to be cognitively and socially active in the context of dementia risk reduction? An integrative review.

Aging & mental health·2026
Same journal

Multimorbidity burden and patterns associated with DeepBrainNet-derived brain-age gap in dementia-free older adults: A community-based study.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Reply to "Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities".

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Shifting the emphasis of brain health literacy from individuals to systems to reduce inequalities.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Correlates and predictors of self-efficacy among dementia caregivers: D-CARE findings.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

What should convince a clinician of disease modification in Alzheimer's disease clinical trials?

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
Same journal

Primary cilia-extracellular vesicle crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease: Emerging mechanisms and biomarker potential.

Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
10:57

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

24.2K

Public Health.

Lion M Soons1, Kay Deckers2, Marissa D Zwan3

  • 1Alzheimer Center Limburg, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher socioeconomic status (SES) and education are linked to better cognitive function in older adults. However, modifiable dementia risk factors did not explain these cognitive differences, suggesting broader factors influence brain health.

More Related Videos

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.6K
Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

37.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
10:57

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children

Published on: August 22, 2012

24.2K
Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

2.6K
Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
07:20

Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies

Published on: January 28, 2014

37.1K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Socioeconomic inequalities are linked to cognitive functioning and dementia risk.
  • These inequalities may be partly mediated by modifiable risk factors.
  • Understanding these associations is crucial for targeted interventions in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between socioeconomic status (SES), education, and modifiable dementia risk with cognitive performance in older adults.
  • To explore the potential mediation role of modifiable dementia risk factors (LIBRA index) in the relationship between SES/education and cognitive function.
  • To identify factors influencing cognitive decline in aging populations at risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cross-sectional data from the FINGER-NL trial (N=1048, aged 60-79).
  • Assessed SES via household income and modifiable dementia risk using the LIfestyle for BRAin health (LIBRA) index.
  • Employed multiple linear regression and structural equation modeling to analyze cognitive performance (NTB scores) associations.

Main Results:

  • Lower SES and lower educational levels were significantly associated with poorer cognitive performance (NTB scores).
  • Individuals with lower SES and education also exhibited higher (worse) LIBRA scores.
  • The LIBRA index did not mediate the observed differences in cognitive performance related to SES or education.

Conclusions:

  • Higher SES and education are protective factors for cognitive performance and a healthier risk profile in older adults.
  • Modifiable risk factors do not fully explain the cognitive disparities linked to socioeconomic and educational gradients.
  • Prevention programs should address both individual behaviors and upstream environmental factors to reduce social inequalities in brain health.