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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Zhaohua Huo1, Benjamin Hk Yip1, Allen Lee1

  • 1The Chinese University of Hong Kong, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The economic burden of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) in Hong Kong is substantial, with higher costs for major NCDs driven by social and informal care. Early identification and planning are crucial for managing escalating care needs.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Cost-of-illness studies are vital for healthcare planning and policy development.
  • Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) represent a significant and growing financial burden on healthcare systems.
  • This study quantifies the service utilization and economic costs associated with mild and major NCDs in Hong Kong's older adult population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the economic cost of mild and major neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) among older adults in Hong Kong.
  • To analyze service utilization patterns for medical, social, and informal care in individuals with NCDs.
  • To identify factors associated with service utilization and economic costs in the NCD population.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based prevalence survey of NCDs in Hong Kong informed the study.
  • Data were collected from 461 community-dwelling older adults (aged 60+) using an adapted Resource Utilisation of Dementia questionnaire.
  • Two-part models were employed to analyze mixed discrete-continuous outcomes for service utilization and costs.

Main Results:

  • Annual per-person costs for community-living adults with major and mild NCDs were US$9,542 and US$4,218, respectively, significantly exceeding costs for normal cognition.
  • The estimated territory-wide annual cost for major and mild NCDs in the community was US$2.0 billion and US$1.5 billion.
  • Social and informal care constituted the majority of costs (76% for major NCDs, 50% for mild NCDs), with costs doubling from moderate to severe NCD stages.

Conclusions:

  • Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) impose a considerable economic burden in Hong Kong, highlighting substantial social and care requirements, particularly in moderate to severe stages.
  • Care planning must anticipate increased needs from undiagnosed NCD cases and address the diverse requirements of patients across different stages and their caregivers.
  • The findings underscore the importance of early detection and comprehensive support systems for individuals with NCDs and their families.