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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Public Health.

Jack F V Hunt1, Jeremy A Elman1, Richard L Hauger2,3

  • 1University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Elevated fasting blood glucose in non-diabetic men is linked to reduced brain structure integrity, suggesting preclinical hyperglycemia may impact cognitive decline risk.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Metabolic Health
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Diabetes is a known risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia.
  • Even preclinical hyperglycemia is associated with increased dementia risk.
  • Understanding sub-clinical hyperglycemia's impact on brain structure is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and brain structural measures in non-diabetic men.
  • To determine if sub-clinical hyperglycemia relates to brain regions affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 296 non-diabetic men (mean age 62) from the Vietnam Era Twin Study of Aging.
  • Assessment of fasting blood glucose (FBG) and MRI-derived brain macrostructure (cortical thickness) and microstructure (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy).
  • Statistical control for age and metabolic syndrome factors (waist circumference, HDL, triglycerides, blood pressure).

Main Results:

  • Higher FBG was significantly associated with lower global cortical thickness.
  • Elevated FBG correlated with increased mean diffusivity in AD-signature regions.
  • No significant associations were found with other brain structure measures.

Conclusions:

  • Preclinical hyperglycemia in non-diabetic, late-middle-aged men is linked to reduced global brain macrostructural integrity.
  • Higher FBG is associated with impaired microstructural integrity in AD-signature regions.
  • These findings suggest hyperglycemia may be an independent risk factor for brain changes relevant to cognitive decline.