Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 8, 2026
10:57
Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
Published on: August 22, 2012
24.2K
Public Health.
Adriana Nancy Medeiros Dos Santos1, Natalia Gomes Goncalves2, Alessandra C Goulart3
1University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
Summary
Anticholinergic burden impacts cognition differently across race and sex. The study found associations with cognitive decline primarily in white and male participants, highlighting the need for personalized approaches.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Anticholinergic burden is linked to cognitive decline, but racial and sex disparities are understudied.
- The ELSA-Brasil cohort provides a unique opportunity to examine these differences in a diverse population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate racial and sex differences in the longitudinal relationship between Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden (ACB) and cognitive decline.
- To analyze how ACB affects cognitive functions over an eight-year period in a Brazilian cohort.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study (ELSA-Brasil) with 13,065 participants (aged 35-74).
- ACB measured using the ACB scale at baseline.
- Cognitive performance assessed across three waves using memory, verbal fluency, and executive function tests.
- Linear mixed-effects models analyzed the association between ACB and cognitive decline.
Main Results:
- ACB was associated with cognitive decline in white participants (global cognition, memory, executive function).
- In men, ACB correlated with declines in global cognition, memory, executive function, and verbal fluency.
- No significant association between ACB and cognitive decline was observed in black/brown participants or women.
Conclusions:
- The impact of ACB on cognitive decline varies significantly by race and sex.
- Associations were stronger in white and male individuals, underscoring the need to consider these factors in clinical practice.
- Results emphasize personalized approaches to anticholinergic medication management for cognitive health.
More Related Videos
09:33Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
Published on: December 23, 2022
2.6K
07:20Dried Blood Spot Collection of Health Biomarkers to Maximize Participation in Population Studies
Published on: January 28, 2014
37.1K
Related Concept Videos
01:30Primary Healthcare Services
1.9K
Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
1.9K
01:26Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention
14.1K
Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
14.1K
01:30Preventive Healthcare Services
1.8K
Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
1.8K
01:26Principles of Disease Surveillance
439
Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
439
01:17Healthcare Agencies II
1000
There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
Parish nursing is a growing specialty nursing profession that focuses on holistic healthcare, health promotion, and illness prevention. It blends professional nursing practice with a health ministry, focusing on health and healing within the context of a Christian community. Parish nurses serve as health educators, referral sources,...
1000
01:26Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System
3.9K
At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
3.9K