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Public Health.

Mayssan Kabalan1, Sawsan Abdulrahim2, Martine Elbejjani3,4

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

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Summary

Social networks impact cognitive aging differently in men and women. Emotional support aids men's episodic memory, while marriage benefits women, and larger networks may hinder female memory.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Epidemiology

Background:

  • Social networks are linked to cognitive function in older adults, but research on specific domains like episodic memory is limited.
  • Existing studies predominantly originate from developed nations, neglecting regions like the Middle East with potentially different social structures.
  • Gender disparities in social network engagement and their impact on cognition remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between social network characteristics and episodic memory in older Lebanese adults.
  • To specifically examine gender differences in the relationship between social networks and episodic memory.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized baseline data from 2853 participants (aged 59+) in the Lebanon Study of Aging and Health (LSAHA).
  • Social networks assessed by structure (marital status, size, diversity) and function (perceived emotional social support).
  • Episodic memory measured via CERAD 10-word immediate recall; gender-specific linear regressions were performed.

Main Results:

  • Men exhibited larger, more diverse social networks; women reported higher emotional social support.
  • Greater emotional support correlated with better episodic memory in men (p=0.02).
  • For women, larger network size was linked to lower episodic memory scores (p<0.01), while marriage was associated with better performance (p=0.013).

Conclusions:

  • Social network structure and function differentially influence cognitive aging in men and women.
  • Findings underscore the need for gender-tailored interventions to support cognitive health in older adults.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate mechanisms behind these gender differences and explore impacts on other cognitive domains.