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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Olivia Lu1, Alexandra N Trelle2, Christina B Young3

  • 1Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social visits, volunteering, computer use, and crafts are linked to better cognitive function in older adults. These activities may support brain health and cognitive performance without impacting Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Non-pharmacological interventions are crucial for Alzheimer's disease (AD) prevention and treatment.
  • The optimal "dose" and "type" of social and cognitive activities for cognitive health remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between specific social and cognitive activities and cognitive performance.
  • To explore the relationship between these activities and Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • 173 cognitively normal older adults (mean age 69.0 ± 6.4 years) reported frequency and hours of social/cognitive activities.
  • Neuropsychological testing assessed executive function, memory, attention, visuospatial skills, and language.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma biomarkers for AD (Aβ-42/Aβ-40, p-tau181, t-tau) were analyzed in a subset of participants.

Main Results:

  • Frequent social visits and volunteering were associated with higher global cognition, executive function, and working memory.
  • Extended computer use correlated with significant improvements across multiple cognitive domains, including global cognition and executive function.
  • Craft activities showed a positive association with executive function, while senior center and church attendance showed negative associations with certain cognitive measures. No activities were linked to AD biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Social engagement (visits, volunteering) and cognitively stimulating activities (computer use, crafts) are linked to better cognitive performance in older adults.
  • The findings highlight the potential of specific non-pharmacological activities to support cognitive health, independent of AD biomarkers.