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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Ari Alex Ramos1,2, Liana Machado3, Carolina Godoy4

  • 1Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Strong social support and life satisfaction enhance cognitive health in older adults, independent of negative life events. These benefits are particularly pronounced for Black individuals, highlighting the importance of community-based support systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adverse later-life events are linked to increased risk of cognitive impairment and dementia.
  • Strong social support (networks, contacts) and life satisfaction can buffer against neurocognitive disorders in older adults.
  • Cross-sectional examination of favorable and adverse factors' associations with cognitive outcomes in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine associations between later-life adverse factors (stress, neighborhood disadvantage, multimorbidity) and favorable factors (structural support, life satisfaction) with cognitive outcomes.
  • To investigate the role of sex and race/ethnicity as effect modifiers in these associations.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based study of 6,645 adults aged 50+ from the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil).
  • Linear regression models used to assess the association of factors with composite cognitive scores.
  • Analysis included examination of sex and race/ethnicity as potential effect modifiers.

Main Results:

  • Increased structural support (β=0.030) and life satisfaction (β=0.014) were independently associated with better cognitive performance.
  • A significant interaction between structural support and race/ethnicity was found (β=0.021).
  • The protective effect of structural support was twice as high in Black individuals (β=0.039) compared to White individuals (β=0.019).

Conclusions:

  • Structural support and life satisfaction positively impact cognitive health in older adults, irrespective of adversities.
  • Structural support demonstrates stronger protective effects for Black individuals.
  • Public health strategies should focus on community support and life satisfaction factors for older adults.