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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynapenic obesity, a condition of low muscle strength and high body fat, significantly increases the risk of cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in older adults. Early identification and intervention are crucial for mental health.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Neurology and Psychiatry

Background:

  • Dynapenic obesity (DO), characterized by reduced muscle strength and increased adiposity, is a growing concern in aging populations.
  • Existing research suggests a link between DO and adverse mental health outcomes, including depression and cognitive decline.
  • Understanding the specific phenotypes of DO and their impact on mental health is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate dynapenic obesity phenotypes as predictors of depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment in older adults.
  • To evaluate the mediating role of dynapenic obesity between depressive symptoms and cognitive function.
  • To identify specific DO phenotypes (general vs. abdominal obesity) associated with mental health outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 938 community-dwelling Korean older adults (aged 65-90 years).
  • Dynapenia defined by handgrip strength (AWGS criteria); obesity by BMI and waist circumference.
  • Cognitive function assessed using MMSE-DS; depressive symptoms measured by CES-D. Logistic regression and mediation analyses were performed.

Main Results:

  • Dynapenia, dynapenic obesity (DO), and dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) were significantly associated with a higher risk of cognitive impairment.
  • Dynapenia, DO, and cognitive impairment were linked to an increased risk of depressive symptoms; living alone also a risk factor.
  • DO mediated the relationship between depressive symptoms and cognitive function (22.2% indirect effect) and vice versa (24.1% indirect effect).

Conclusions:

  • Dynapenic obesity, particularly when defined by handgrip strength and BMI, is a significant contributor to cognitive impairment and depressive symptoms in older Korean adults.
  • These findings highlight the importance of assessing dynapenic obesity in routine mental health screenings for the elderly.
  • Interventions targeting dynapenic obesity may play a vital role in preventing or mitigating mental health issues in aging populations.