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Public Health.

Shan Wei1, Peijie Liu1, Suhang Shang1

  • 1The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The APOEε4 gene variant increases the risk of cognitive impairment in rural adults over 40 in Xi'an. However, higher education levels may protect APOEε4 carriers from cognitive decline.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Cognitive impairment is a growing public health concern.
  • The apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, particularly the ε4 allele, is a known risk factor for cognitive decline.
  • Understanding the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors like education is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between APOE genotype and cognitive impairment in adults aged 40 and above in rural Xi'an.
  • To examine the moderating effect of educational attainment on the relationship between APOE genotype and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1692 permanent residents aged 40+ in rural Xi'an.
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  • APOE genotyping was performed, and participants were stratified by educational level (≤9 years vs. >9 years).

Main Results:

  • APOEε4 carriers (15.3%) had a significantly higher risk of cognitive impairment (OR=1.509) and lower MMSE scores (β=-0.053) compared to non-carriers in the total population.
  • This association was significant in the low education group (LE) but not in the high education group (HE).
  • In the HE group, no significant differences in cognitive impairment risk or MMSE scores were observed between APOEε4 carriers and non-carriers.

Conclusions:

  • The APOEε4 allele is linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment in older adults in rural Xi'an.
  • Higher educational attainment appears to mitigate the risk of cognitive impairment in APOEε4 carriers.
  • Education may play a protective role, highlighting its importance in cognitive health strategies.