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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Lilah M Besser1, Madeleine Tourelle1, Diana Mitsova2

  • 1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neighborhood environments impact cognitive health in rural Florida. Higher park space was linked to better cognition in less deprived areas, but worse cognition in more deprived areas.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Neuroscience
  • Rural health

Background:

  • Detrimental neighborhood environments, like limited greenspace, are linked to increased Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD) risk.
  • Most research focuses on urban populations, leaving a gap in understanding rural built environment effects on cognitive health.
  • Evidence is limited on whether neighborhood characteristics benefit cognitive health in rural, diverse communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between built environment characteristics and cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment - MoCA scores) in a rural Florida cohort.
  • To determine if these associations vary by neighborhood area deprivation level.
  • To examine the impact of % open/park space and % retail space on cognitive health across different deprivation levels.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from a NIA-funded cohort in rural Florida, analyzing Census block group characteristics.
  • Calculated % open/park space and % retail space, creating quartiles for park space due to suggested non-linear associations.
  • Employed multivariable linear regression with generalized estimating equations, stratified by area deprivation index (ADI >90% vs <=90%), controlling for demographics.

Main Results:

  • Among participants in higher deprivation neighborhoods, increased park space was associated with lower MoCA scores, while increased retail space was linked to higher MoCA scores.
  • In lower deprivation neighborhoods, higher park space correlated with better MoCA scores, whereas more retail space was associated with lower MoCA scores.
  • These contrasting findings highlight the complex interplay between neighborhood built environment, deprivation, and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive function in ethnoracially diverse older adults in rural Florida is differentially associated with neighborhood park and retail space based on area deprivation.
  • The impact of the built environment on cognitive health is not uniform and is significantly modified by socioeconomic factors like area deprivation.
  • Findings underscore the need for tailored environmental health strategies in rural communities, considering local deprivation levels.