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Public Health.

Luis Gustavo Sampaio1,2, Raphael Machado Castilhos3,4, Bruce Duncan5

  • 1Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is linked to faster cognitive decline. This study found MASLD was associated with a lower cognitive function score and a more rapid decline over 8 years.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Neurology
  • Metabolic Syndrome

Background:

  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is increasingly recognized.
  • Its association with cognitive decline (CD) remains debated, with conflicting literature.
  • This study investigates MASLD as a risk factor for CD in the ELSA-Brasil cohort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between MASLD and cognitive decline.
  • To assess the impact of MASLD on cognitive function trajectory over time.
  • To analyze MASLD's role in cognitive decline within a Brazilian adult population.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study (ELSA-Brasil) with data from 2008-2010 (wave 1) and cognitive assessment ~8 years later (wave 3).
  • MASLD diagnosed by ultrasonography and defined by steatosis plus metabolic risk factors (obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia).
  • Mixed linear models adjusted for age, sex, and dementia risk factors were used to assess cognitive decline.

Main Results:

  • 11,032 participants analyzed; 12.7% had MASLD.
  • Individuals with MASLD were older, more frequently male, and had more comorbidities.
  • MASLD was associated with a significantly lower initial cognitive score (-0.15 Z-score) and a faster rate of decline (-0.06 Z-scores over 8 years; p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • MASLD is significantly associated with cognitive decline.
  • The findings suggest MASLD may be a risk factor for accelerated cognitive impairment.
  • Further research is warranted to explore the mechanisms linking MASLD and cognitive decline.