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Related Concept Videos

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Katalina F McInerney1,2, Andrew F Zaman3, Pedro R Mena2

  • 1Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cardiovascular and metabolic conditions increase cognitive impairment risk in Hispanic and African American adults. Managing these conditions is key for brain health in these communities.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Brain health is intricately linked to cardiovascular and metabolic conditions.
  • The impact of these comorbidities on cognitive decline in Hispanic and African American populations remains understudied.
  • This research investigates the cognitive effects of cardiovascular and metabolic issues in community-dwelling Hispanic (HI) and African American (AA) individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cognitive impact of cardiovascular and metabolic conditions.
  • To analyze the relationship between medical comorbidities and cognitive impairment in HI and AA individuals.
  • To identify risk factors for cognitive decline in diverse community settings.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1908 participants (890 HI, 1018 AA) was analyzed.
  • Participants were categorized as non-cognitively impaired (NCI) or cognitively affected (mild cognitive impairment [MCI] or Alzheimer's disease [AD]).
  • Logistic regression models examined the influence of ethnicity, age, sex, education, and cardiovascular/metabolic risk factors on cognitive status.

Main Results:

  • Increased cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors were significantly associated with a higher likelihood of cognitive impairment.
  • Older age, male sex, and Hispanic ethnicity were also linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment.
  • While not statistically significant, higher educational attainment showed a trend toward cognitive protection.

Conclusions:

  • Cardiovascular and metabolic conditions significantly elevate the risk of cognitive impairment in community-dwelling HI and AA individuals.
  • The observed risk did not differ significantly between HI and AA groups.
  • Raising awareness and managing these modifiable risk factors are crucial for preventing cognitive decline in these populations.