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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Giulio Maria Pasinetti1,2, Ruth Iban-Arias1,3, Nicole Less4

  • 1Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exposure to air pollution (PM2.5) and extreme heat disrupts gut-brain axis communication and metabolism in mice, even without immediate cognitive decline. This highlights the need for public health strategies considering environmental risks for Alzheimer's disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Neuroscience
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Climate change exacerbates health issues through extreme heat and particulate matter (PM2.5).
  • Combined exposure to PM2.5 and heat stress worsens respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Elderly populations are particularly vulnerable to these environmental stressors and Alzheimer's disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of ambient PM2.5 and heat stress on an early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) mouse model.
  • To understand the impact of these environmental factors on metabolic and immune-inflammatory pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an experimental mouse model of early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD).
  • Exposed mice to controlled conditions simulating ambient PM2.5 and extreme heat stress.
  • Analyzed disruptions in energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, gut-brain axis communication, and immune signaling.

Main Results:

  • Short-term exposure disrupted energy metabolism and mitochondrial respiration, linked to synaptic dysfunction.
  • Impaired intestinal permeability and gut dysbiosis were identified, affecting gut-brain axis signaling.
  • No cognitive decline was observed despite significant metabolic and immune disruptions.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental factors significantly impact metabolic and immune pathways relevant to Alzheimer's disease.
  • Early-stage environmental insults can disrupt crucial biological mechanisms without immediate cognitive symptoms.
  • Preventive public health strategies must incorporate environmental risk assessment for individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease.