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Public Health.

Rishitha Praveen1, Anshita Rathore2, Virendra R Mishra3

  • 1Jawaharlal Nehru National College of Engineering, Shivamogga, Karnataka, India.

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Summary

Sex is the strongest predictor of dementia conversion from mild cognitive impairment in married individuals, followed by age and education. These factors are significant regardless of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) status.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Dementia risk is influenced by genetic, social, and educational factors.
  • Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 allele, sex, and education are known dementia risk factors.
  • The interaction of these factors with marital status requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare dementia conversion rates in married males and females based on ApoE genotype.
  • To identify the most predictive risk factor for dementia conversion among sex, education, and ApoE status in married individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) data for individuals transitioning from cognitively normal (CN) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • Categorized participants by ApoE genotype, sex, and marital status.
  • Analyzed conversion rates, age, and education's influence on dementia progression in married subgroups.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in conversion rates were observed between sexes or ApoE genotypes in the CN to AD cohort.
  • In the MCI to AD cohort, female ApoE (+) individuals showed faster conversion than males.
  • Age and education significantly influenced dementia risk in specific female subgroups (ApoE (+) and ApoE (-)).

Conclusions:

  • Sex emerges as the primary predictor for MCI to AD conversion in married individuals.
  • Age and education are secondary predictors, irrespective of ApoE status.
  • Future research will explore neuroanatomical differences using volumetric MRI.