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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Public Health.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Higher abdominal obesity, measured by the conicity index (CI), is linked to worse cognitive trajectories in adults. This suggests central obesity is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, especially in women and younger individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia pose significant global health challenges.
  • Abdominal obesity, quantified by the conicity index (CI), has been associated with cognitive impairment.
  • Limited longitudinal data exist on the impact of CI on cognitive trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between the conicity index (CI) and cognitive trajectories in two diverse cohorts.
  • To determine if abdominal obesity, indicated by CI, is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using data from the Xi'an Rural Resident Cognitive Cohort (XRRCC) and U.S. Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
  • Latent class growth models (LCGMs) identified cognitive trajectories in participants with normal baseline cognition and at least four waves of data (2014-2020).
  • Multinomial logistic regression analyzed the association between CI quartiles and cognitive trajectories, with adjustments for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Two cognitive trajectories (stable, deteriorating) were found in XRRCC (n=1,452); three (high, moderate, deteriorating) in HRS (n=4,494).
  • Higher CI values correlated with worse cognitive trajectories in both cohorts.
  • The highest CI quartile was associated with increased odds of cognitive decline compared to the lowest quartile (XRRCC: OR=0.554; HRS: OR=0.725).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated CI is associated with poorer cognitive trajectories, particularly in women and individuals under 65.
  • Abdominal obesity, as measured by CI, represents a potential modifiable risk factor for cognitive deterioration.
  • Early interventions targeting central obesity may help mitigate cognitive decline.