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Public Health.

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  • 1University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neighborhood disadvantage negatively impacts cognitive health in older adults, with psychological stress playing a key role. This effect is more pronounced in Black adults, highlighting disparities in cognitive aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neighborhood socioeconomic factors significantly influence cognitive health in aging populations.
  • Existing research indicates disparities in cognitive health outcomes among racial groups.
  • Psychological pathways linking neighborhood resources to cognition require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine psychological mechanisms mediating the relationship between neighborhood socioeconomic factors and cognitive health in Black and White older adults.
  • To investigate racial differences in the association between neighborhood characteristics and cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Michigan Cognitive Aging Project (N=591) linked to National Neighborhood Data Archive census tract information.
  • Assessed global cognition using a composite z-score from five neuropsychological domains.
  • Employed simultaneous mediation models to analyze the roles of external perceived control and depressive symptoms.

Main Results:

  • External perceived control, not depressive symptoms, mediated the negative association between neighborhood disadvantage and cognition.
  • The link between neighborhood disadvantage and cognition was stronger among Black participants, independent of psychological mediators.
  • Neighborhood affluence showed stronger associations with psychological mediators among White participants.

Conclusions:

  • Psychosocial stress represents a potential pathway from neighborhood disadvantage to dementia risk.
  • Further research is needed to identify modifiable pathways, especially for Black older adults facing greater neighborhood disadvantage.
  • Investigating why neighborhood affluence benefits White older adults more than Black older adults may reveal impacts of discrimination and unequal resource access.