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Related Concept Videos

Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
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Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

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Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
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Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Principles of Disease Surveillance01:26

Principles of Disease Surveillance

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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Healthcare Agencies II01:17

Healthcare Agencies II

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There are various healthcare agencies in the United States—some of which are managed by religious institutions and others by different government branches.
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Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

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At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 8, 2026

Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Tiet-Hanh Dao-Tran1, Tracy Comans2, Namal Balasooriya3

  • 1University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for dementia interventions shows varied methods. This review synthesizes approaches, costs, benefits, and valuation techniques, offering insights for future research in dementia care evaluations.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Economics
  • Gerontology
  • Evidence-Based Practice

Background:

  • Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) is increasingly utilized to assess the economic value of dementia interventions.
  • Evaluating interventions for dementia requires a clear understanding of the methodologies employed in CBA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize the data analysis approaches, cost and benefit items, data sources, and valuation methods used in CBAs of dementia interventions.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current CBA practices for dementia care.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review was conducted using systematic searches across seven major electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, CINALH, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, Econlit).
  • Included studies were peer-reviewed original articles published in English from January 2010 to December 2023, focusing on CBA of dementia interventions.
  • Data extraction and screening were performed independently by two authors, guided by the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews Checklist.

Main Results:

  • Fifteen studies were included, revealing diverse CBA approaches, including integration with Social Return on Investment (SROI).
  • Common cost items included staff training and supplies; common benefit items were Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) and healthcare utilization metrics.
  • Cost data often originated from study budgets, with market and shadow pricing used for valuation; benefit data frequently came from social value banks and literature, using the value of statistical life for valuation.

Conclusions:

  • Methodological approaches for CBA of dementia interventions are heterogeneous.
  • The findings offer valuable guidance for future CBA studies on dementia interventions and similar conditions.
  • Understanding these methodological variations is crucial for consistent and reliable economic evaluations in dementia care.