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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Emotional support is linked to better cognitive function in adults over 90, regardless of race. This finding suggests universal benefits of emotional support for the oldest-old population.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Racial/ethnic disparities in late-life cognition are documented.
  • The role of emotional support in mitigating these disparities among the oldest-old (90+ years) is understudied.
  • Emotional support may enhance resilience and protect cognitive function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if emotional support moderates the association between racial/ethnic identity and cognitive function in adults aged 90 and older.
  • To examine the relationship between emotional support and cognitive decline over time.

Main Methods:

  • The LifeAfter90 cohort (n=814) assessed emotional support using a 5-option Likert scale (high vs. low support).
  • Cognition, including executive function and verbal episodic memory, was measured using the Spanish and English Neuropsychological Assessment Scales.
  • Linear mixed effects models analyzed associations between race/ethnicity, emotional support, and cognition, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Higher emotional support was positively associated with better baseline executive function (β=0.20) and verbal episodic memory (β=0.36).
  • No significant associations were found between emotional support and cognitive decline over time.
  • Interactions between racial/ethnic identity and emotional support were non-significant for both baseline cognition and cognitive decline.

Conclusions:

  • Increased emotional social support is associated with enhanced executive function and verbal episodic memory in adults over 90.
  • This beneficial effect of emotional support does not differ across racial/ethnic groups.
  • Public health initiatives promoting emotional support may offer universal cognitive benefits for the oldest-old across diverse backgrounds.