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Public Health.

Naomi Vidal-Ferreira1,2, Lea T Grinberg3,4, Aline Maria Macagnan Ciciliati5

  • 1Amazonia Adventist College, Benevides, PA, Brazil.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Social determinants of health (SDH) did not alter the link between APOE-ε4 and Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology. However, SDH significantly influenced how AD pathology manifested as dementia symptoms, particularly in those with unfavorable SDH profiles.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • APOE-ε4 genotype and unfavorable social determinants of health (SDH) increase Alzheimer's Disease (AD) risk.
  • The interaction between SDH and APOE-ε4 in AD pathology and symptom expression remains unclear, especially in low- to middle-income countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how SDH modifies the association between APOE-ε4 and AD neuropathology.
  • To examine the role of SDH in the relationship between AD pathology and dementia symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using Biobank for Aging Studies data (n=1,021).
  • Classified individuals by APOE-ε4 carrier status and assessed SDH via next-of-kin interviews.
  • Evaluated AD neuropathological changes (ADNC) and dementia severity (CDR-SB).
  • Used regression analyses to test for interactions between SDH, APOE-ε4, and AD pathology.

Main Results:

  • SDH did not modify the association between APOE-ε4 genotype and AD pathology (p=0.264).
  • SDH significantly modified the association between AD pathology and dementia symptoms (p=0.001).
  • The link between AD pathology and dementia symptoms was stronger in individuals with unfavorable SDH profiles.

Conclusions:

  • SDH does not influence the relationship between APOE-ε4 and AD brain changes.
  • SDH significantly impacts the clinical manifestation of dementia in individuals with AD pathology.
  • Unfavorable SDH profiles exacerbate the expression of dementia symptoms in the context of AD pathology.