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Public Health
Mundih N Njohjam1,2, Niakam F Tiffany3, Mark O Ngoule3
1National University Teaching Hospital, Dakar, United Kingdom.
Background:
The neuroepidemiological and clinical characteristics of post-stroke dementia (PSD) in Sub-Saharan African populations have not been sufficiently described. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and clinical presentation of PSD in a sub-Saharan African population of stroke survivors.
Method:
Cognitive impairment was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Dubois' five-word test, and the frontal assessment battery. Post-stroke dementia was diagnosed using the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Association Internationale pour la Recherche et Enseignement en Neurosciences (NINDS-AIREN) criteria. The clinical dementia rating scale (CDR) was used to assess and stage the severity of PSD.
Result:
A total of 412 stroke survivors were screened, of whom 78 met the criteria for PSD with an age range between 38 and 84, giving a prevalence of 18.9%. Factors associated with PSD included silent brain infarctions, markers of small vessel disease, atrial fibrillation, age, and level of education. Multi-infarct PSD was the most common type. The most affected cognitive domain was executive functions, and most (74.9%) PSD patients had severe PSD based on CDR. None of the patients was receiving dementia-specific care at the time of diagnosis.
Conclusion:
PSD is a growing public health problem in Sub-Saharan African populations.
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