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Related Concept Videos

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Primary Healthcare Services

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Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
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Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
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Disease surveillance is the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data essential to the planning, implementation, and evaluation of public health practice. This process integrates data dissemination to entities responsible for preventing and controlling disease, injury, and disability. Surveillance systems provide crucial information for action, helping public health authorities make informed decisions to manage and prevent outbreaks, ensure public safety, optimize...
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Determining Soil-transmitted Helminth Infection Status and Physical Fitness of School-aged Children
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Public Health.

Alexandria C Reese1, Sarah K Royse1,2, Beth E Snitz1,2

  • 1University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
|December 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neighborhood disadvantage and sex impact Alzheimer's disease biomarkers. High disadvantage women showed greater temporal unhealthy white matter connectivity, while low disadvantage men had more amyloid accumulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Sex-based differences in Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers are established.
  • The interplay between these biomarkers and neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the intersectional effects of sex and neighborhood disadvantage on AD biomarkers.
  • To examine how area deprivation index (ADI) modifies the relationship between sex and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Connectomics of Brain Aging study (N=196).
  • Assessed neighborhood disadvantage using the Area Deprivation Index (ADI).
  • Measured β-amyloid (A) via 11C-PiB SUVR, vascular health (V) via unhealthy white matter connectivity (UWMC), and neurodegeneration (N) via cortical thickness.

Main Results:

  • Female participants exhibited higher frontal UWMC and amyloid levels compared to males.
  • Individuals in high ADI areas showed increased frontal and temporal UWMC.
  • Significant interactions revealed that high ADI women had the greatest temporal UWMC, and low ADI men had the greatest amyloid accumulation.

Conclusions:

  • Confirmed distinct patterns of AD biomarkers by sex and ADI.
  • Highlighted that neighborhood disadvantage significantly influences vascular health in women with AD.
  • Emphasized the importance of considering neighborhood disadvantage in future Alzheimer's disease interventions, particularly for women.