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1Graduate School, Yonsei University, Wonju, Wonju, Korea, Republic of (South).
Background:
This study explored the community applicability of a dementia prevention lifestyle change motivation and behavior reinforcement program based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) among middle-aged and older adults.
Method:
A one-group pre-post study was conducted with nine community-dwelling middle-aged and older adults. The 10-session, 5-week program incorporated the Knowledge, Evaluation, Experience, Plan (KEEP) strategy and a gold medal reward system to enhance motivation and reinforce dementia-preventive behaviors. Assessments included the K-MCLHB-DRR, Dementia Preventive Behavior Scale, YLP-BREF, PHQ-9, and WHOQOL-BREF. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests analyzed pre- and post-program differences, and satisfaction surveys and interviews were conducted. A 4-week follow-up assessed plan adherence.
Result:
Significant improvements were found in perceived benefits (p = .018) and self-efficacy (p = .034) for dementia prevention motivation. Dementia-preventive behaviors improved in cognitive (p = .016), social (p = .011), and health-promoting activities (p = .027). Secondary outcomes showed enhancements in multifaceted lifestyle (p = .008), physical activity (p = .008), activity participation (p = .011), and depression (p = .018), with no significant change in quality of life. Participants reported high satisfaction and successful plan implementation at follow-up.
Conclusion:
The HBM-based program positively influenced dementia prevention motivation and behaviors, demonstrating its applicability within the community and providing a foundation for future interventions.
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