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This study shows a Health Belief Model (HBM)-based program effectively boosts dementia prevention motivation and behaviors in community-dwelling older adults. Participants reported high satisfaction and successful adherence to their prevention plans.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Dementia prevention is crucial for aging populations.
  • Lifestyle interventions are key to mitigating dementia risk.
  • Community-based programs require effective motivational strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the community applicability of a dementia prevention program.
  • To enhance motivation and reinforce dementia-preventive behaviors using the Health Belief Model (HBM).
  • To evaluate the program's impact on middle-aged and older adults.

Main Methods:

  • A one-group pre-post study design with nine community-dwelling participants.
  • A 10-session, 5-week program integrating the Knowledge, Evaluation, Experience, Plan (KEEP) strategy and a reward system.
  • Pre- and post-program assessments using validated scales for motivation, behavior, lifestyle, depression, and quality of life, followed by a 4-week adherence check.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in perceived benefits and self-efficacy for dementia prevention motivation (p=.018, p=.034).
  • Enhanced dementia-preventive behaviors in cognitive, social, and health-promoting domains (p=.016, p=.011, p=.027).
  • Positive secondary outcomes included multifaceted lifestyle, physical activity, and reduced depression (p=.008, p=.008, p=.018), with high participant satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • The HBM-based program demonstrates significant community applicability for dementia prevention.
  • The intervention effectively improved motivation and behaviors related to dementia prevention.
  • This study provides a foundation for scalable community-based dementia prevention initiatives.