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Public Health.

Diefei Chen1, C Elizabeth Shaaban2,3, Kacie D Deters4

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Educational attainment benefits cognitive health, particularly in women, where hippocampal volume mediates memory levels and decline. These neurobiological pathways show sex/gender differences in cognitive trajectories.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Aging
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Educational attainment is linked to better cognitive health in later life.
  • Brain health mechanisms may differ by sex/gender and race/ethnicity.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for personalized cognitive health strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate sex/gender differences in how education affects cognitive trajectories.
  • To examine the mediating roles of hippocampal volume and cortical thickness.
  • To compare these effects in Korean and US cohorts.

Main Methods:

  • Used data from the Korean Brain Aging Study (KBASE) and Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI3).
  • Employed latent growth curve modeling to analyze education's association with memory.
  • Stratified analyses by sex/gender and cohort, adjusting for relevant covariates.

Main Results:

  • Hippocampal volume partially mediated the link between education and memory in women across both cohorts.
  • This mediation was observed for memory level and, in KBASE, for memory decline.
  • No significant mediation was found in men, and cortical thickness did not mediate these effects.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest sex/gender differences in neurobiological pathways linking education to cognition.
  • Mechanisms underlying memory trajectories may vary across cohorts and sex/gender.
  • Further research is needed to confirm causality and explore sociocultural factors.