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Public Health.

Johanna Thunell1, Geoffrey Joyce1, Bryan Tysinger1

  • 1University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Medical care costs for people living with dementia (PLWD) are higher than for those without. This study quantifies dementia-related medical costs, revealing significant differences across demographics and comorbidities like diabetes.

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Area of Science:

  • Health Economics
  • Gerontology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Medical costs for people living with dementia (PLWD) are substantially higher, especially in the year of diagnosis.
  • Understanding the heterogeneity in dementia-related medical costs and the impact of comorbidities is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate and analyze medical costs associated with dementia across diverse populations.
  • To identify factors contributing to cost variations, including sociodemographic background, region, sex, race/ethnicity, and comorbid conditions like diabetes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Medicare Parts A, B, and D claims (2006-2020) for 100% of traditional Medicare beneficiaries.
  • Employed optimal propensity score matching to compare PLWD with similar individuals without dementia.
  • Quantified dementia-attributable medical costs by care type, region, sex, race/ethnicity, and in PLWD with diabetes.

Main Results:

  • In 2020, average medical costs were $35,828 for PLWD versus $29,752 for controls, with inpatient costs driving nearly half the difference.
  • Cost disparities were largest among Asians ($8,931) and peaked in the 65-70 age group ($7,992).
  • PLWD with diabetes incurred over double the medical costs ($46,772) compared to those without dementia ($21,140).

Conclusions:

  • Presents the first nationally-representative estimates of dementia-related medical costs by region, sex, race, and comorbidity status.
  • Further analyses will pinpoint when, where, and for whom dementia costs are highest.
  • Findings can inform comprehensive cost estimates and clinical management of comorbidities in PLWD.