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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Zeynep Didar Kayıklık¹, Bilal Çakır², İbrahim Gülseren²

¹Health Science University, İSTANBUL, Turkey, Turkey.

Alzheimer'S & Dementia : the Journal of the Alzheimer'S Association

|December 23, 2025

Summary

Hazelnut-derived bioactive peptide OC1 shows neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease by reducing cell damage and promoting cell survival. This peptide offers promise for preventing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biochemistry
Pharmacology

Background:

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein accumulation.
Aβ₂₅₋₃₅ peptide is a toxic fragment used in Alzheimer's disease research.
Bioactive peptides from hazelnuts show potential neuroprotective properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neuroprotective effects of a hazelnut-derived bioactive peptide (OC1) against Aβ₂₅₋₃₅-induced toxicity in an in vitro Alzheimer's disease model.
To evaluate the molecular mechanisms underlying OC1's neuroprotective action.

Main Methods:

An in vitro Alzheimer's disease model was created using PC-12 cells treated with Aβ₂₅₋₃₅.
Cell viability was assessed using resazurin assays.
Cell cycle, apoptosis (Annexin V/PI assay), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (DCF-DA assay) were analyzed via flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy.

Main Results:

OC1 peptide significantly improved cell viability in the Aβ₂₅₋₃₅-treated Alzheimer's model.
OC1 treatment reversed the G2/M phase cell cycle arrest induced by Aβ₂₅₋₃₅.
OC1 peptide reduced late-stage apoptosis and decreased intracellular ROS levels.

Conclusions:

The synthesized bioactive peptide OC1 demonstrates significant neuroprotective potential against Alzheimer's disease pathology.
OC1 may serve as a promising agent for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Further research into OC1 could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for Alzheimer's disease.