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Multi-omics-driven biomarker discovery in autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review
Yi Zhang1, Haofeng Xu1, Lijuan Xu1
1Department of Clinical Laboratory, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Frontiers in Immunology
|December 24, 2025
Summary
Multi-omics technologies offer new hope for diagnosing and treating autoimmune diseases (ADs) by uncovering novel biomarkers. This approach overcomes the limitations of traditional methods, improving patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Genetics
- Bioinformatics
Background:
- Autoimmune diseases (ADs) present complex heterogeneity and dynamic pathology.
- Traditional biomarkers face significant challenges in AD diagnosis and treatment.
- Existing diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for ADs require improvement.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the discovery of novel biomarkers for ADs using multi-omics technologies.
- To highlight the limitations of traditional biomarkers in AD management.
- To propose a framework for translating omics discoveries into clinical solutions for ADs.
Main Methods:
- Exploration of multi-omics technologies including genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics.
- Systematic literature review focusing on biomarker discovery in ADs.
- Bioinformatic analysis of multi-omics data.
Main Results:
- Multi-omics technologies have identified numerous novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for ADs.
- These novel biomarkers demonstrate promising diagnostic performance, overcoming traditional limitations.
- Advancements in bioinformatics are crucial for interpreting complex omics data.
Conclusions:
- Multi-omics approaches are revolutionizing the understanding and management of ADs.
- Novel biomarkers discovered through multi-omics hold significant potential for improving AD diagnosis and treatment.
- Integrating omics analysis with clinical problem-solving offers new therapeutic directions for ADs.
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