Physical Characteristics Associated With a History of Ankle Sprain in Elementary School Badminton Players

Background and objective Ankle injuries are prevalent among elementary school students and are associated with subsequent injuries. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between a history of ankle sprain and the physical characteristics of elementary school badminton players. Methods A questionnaire-based survey was conducted among 64 fifth- and sixth-grade badminton players. Based on the presence or absence of a history of ankle sprain, the participants were categorized into the sprain and non-sprain groups. Both groups underwent assessments of dynamic balance ability, flexibility, muscle strength, and foot evaluation. Players whose sprained sides matched their dominant foot were included in the analysis. Results A total of 15 players were assigned to the sprain group and 49 to the non-sprain group. In the sprain group, 11 players had their sprained side matched to their dominant foot. The sprain group showed a significantly higher proportion of patients who were unable to squat, a significantly stronger knee extension strength, and a significantly lower ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Conclusions A history of ankle sprain in elementary school badminton players is associated with ankle flexibility and knee extension strength. In badminton, repetitive lunging and jumping movements pose a high risk of ankle sprain, which is the most common type of lower limb injury. Limited ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM) has been identified as a characteristic feature of the sprain group, suggesting that it is a critical factor requiring particular attention after an ankle sprain.